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Rock Against Racism (RAR) was a campaign set up in the United Kingdom in 1976 as a response to an increase in racial conflict and the growth of white nationalist groups such as the National Front. The campaign involved pop, rock, punk and reggae musicians staging concerts with an anti-racist theme, in order to discourage young people from embracing racism. The campaign was founded, in part, as a response to statements and activities by well-known rock musicians that were widely regarded as racist.〔(Blood and Glory, The Observer, Sunday 4 March 2007 )〕 ==History== Originally conceived as a one-off concert with a message against racism, Rock Against Racism was founded in 1976 by Red Saunders, Roger Huddle and others. According to Huddle, "it remained just an idea until August 1976" when Eric Clapton made a drunken declaration of support for former Conservative minister Enoch Powell (known for his anti-immigration Rivers of Blood speech) at a concert in Birmingham. Clapton told the crowd that England had "become overcrowded" and that they should vote for Powell to stop Britain from becoming "a black colony". He also told the audience that Britain should "get the foreigners out, get the wogs out, get the coons out", and then he repeatedly shouted the National Front slogan "Keep Britain White".〔(Virgin Media: 'When Pop Stars Talk Politics: Clapton's Shocking Rant' )〕 Huddle, Saunders and two members of Kartoon Klowns responded by writing a letter to ''NME'' expressing their opposition to Clapton's comments, which they claimed were "all the more disgusting because he had his first hit with a cover of reggae star Bob Marley's "I Shot the Sheriff" ... Come on Eric... Own up. Half your music is black. Who shot the Sheriff, Eric? It sure as hell wasn't you!" At the end of the letter, they called for people to help form a movement called Rock Against Racism, and they report that they received hundreds of replies.〔 In a 2007 interview, Clapton said he still supported Powell, and that he didn't view Powell as a racist.〔"Eric Clapton". The South Bank Show. ITV. 2007-12-02.〕 RAR's first activity was a concert featuring Carol Grimes as lead artist, and it also launched the fanzine ''Temporary Hoarding''.〔(jfFrank online )〕 In spring 1978, 100,000 people marched six miles from Trafalgar Square to the East End of London (a National Front hotspot) for an open-air music festival at Victoria Park in Hackney organized by RAR and the Anti-Nazi League, to counteract the growing wave of racist attacks in the UK.〔(Love Music hate Racism Carnival 2008 ), Victoria Park, London〕〔(TRB – Rock Against Racism )〕〔(Virtual Festivals, news, reviews and listings for Glastonbury, Reading, Leeds, V Festival, T in the Park, Download, Isle of Wight, Bestival and other UK and International festivals )〕 The concert featured The Clash,〔 Buzzcocks, Steel Pulse, X-Ray Spex, The Ruts, Sham 69, Generation X and the Tom Robinson Band. The Southall-based reggae band Misty In Roots led the march from the back of a lorry during the carnival, although did not appear on the main stage. A second march and concert at Brockwell Park in south London, featured Stiff Little Fingers, Aswad and Elvis Costello. In the summer of the same year, an audience of 40,000 came to the Northern Carnival in Manchester, for a concert featuring Buzzcocks, Graham Parker and the Rumour , The Smirks, Exodus, China Street and Steel Pulse.The Manchester event was also tied in with the 1978 Deeply Vale Festival a week later where they held a Rock Against Racism day. The 2014 Deeply Vale Box Set and book contains a section about the 1978 Rock Against Racism events in Manchester with several organisers and workers giving current interviews. In 1979, a concert was held at Acklam Hall in Notting Hill, London, featuring Crisis, The Vapors and Beggar.〔(Rock Against Racism benefit with Crisis, Beggar and The Vapors, riot at Acklam Hall, Ladbroke Grove, London, Friday 29 June 1979 )〕 The group behind the original Rock Against Racism launched a new website on 27 April 2008.〔(Rock Against Racism )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rock Against Racism」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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